top of page
Appoggio and muscle chains
Diagonal Anterior Chains or "Closing Chains"


On the Trunk
• Deep plane: left obliquus internus
• Superficial plane: right obliquus externus
• Right external intercostal muscles
• Right posterior superior serratus
Connection to the right Shoulder
• Right transversus thoracis
• Right pectoralis minor
• Pars ascendens of the right trapezius
• Right anterior serratus
• Right rhomboidei
Connection to the Right Arm
• Right pectoralis major
• Right teres major
• Right rhomboidei
Connection to the Cervical Spine
• Right scaleni muscles
• Left splenius colli
Connection to the Head
• Right subclavius
• Left splenius capitis
• Pars descendens of the left trapezius
Connection to the Lower Extremity
• Pyramidalis abdominis
Dominance of this muscle chain results in an internal rotation and abduction of the hip, valgus of the knee and hindfoot, pronation of the foot, and bunion.
bottom of page